[
  {
    "startMs": 1309,
    "text": "[music]"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 12880,
    "text": ">> All right. Hello everybody."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 14600,
    "text": "My name is Cody. Um"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 17600,
    "text": "I put this picture up here because this"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 19640,
    "text": "jacket so far has not actually landed as"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 22480,
    "text": "well as I thought it would. No one gets"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 24400,
    "text": "the joke. Um so this was to really put"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 26840,
    "text": "it in front of your face. I don't just"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 28360,
    "text": "enjoy wearing heavily branded letterman"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 30880,
    "text": "jacket. We intentionally tried to"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 33440,
    "text": "play into the bit a little bit. Um so,"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 35520,
    "text": "my name is Cody. I'm on the growth team"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 37480,
    "text": "at Firecracker. Um and today I'm here to"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 39960,
    "text": "tell you you're not thinking big enough."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 42800,
    "text": "Um but before I actually get into that,"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 44720,
    "text": "I have to address a bit of an elephant"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 46240,
    "text": "in the room which is Theo stole my talk."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 49120,
    "text": "Uh Theo put out a video about a month"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 51080,
    "text": "ago uh called uh you need to think"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 53280,
    "text": "bigger. But I would like to say I"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 55120,
    "text": "submitted the name for this talk a month"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 56960,
    "text": "before Theo put his video out. I didn't"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 58880,
    "text": "steal his talk. He stole my talk. So,"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 61440,
    "text": "um"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 63200,
    "text": "Today we're actually going to talk about"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 64400,
    "text": "farming. And yes, I actually mean"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 66800,
    "text": "farming. Uh more specifically, I mean"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 69520,
    "text": "livestock farming. And even more"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 71160,
    "text": "specifically, I mean automating pasture"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 73520,
    "text": "rotation for grass-fed livestock"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 75320,
    "text": "systems."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 76560,
    "text": "Um I have a feeling most of you did not"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 78760,
    "text": "expect to learn about cows and grass and"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 81000,
    "text": "farming today, but I'm here so you're"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 83560,
    "text": "going to."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 84880,
    "text": "Uh little bit of background on who I am"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 87400,
    "text": "and why maybe you should listen to me."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 90000,
    "text": "Uh the short version is I actually have"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 91520,
    "text": "no credentials that qualify me for this"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 93160,
    "text": "talk, but nonetheless I'm going to do my"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 94960,
    "text": "best to give it. Uh I grew up in"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 96680,
    "text": "Kentucky. Uh have a background of blue"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 98520,
    "text": "collar work. I was a bartender, a"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 100400,
    "text": "mechanic, a uh um"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 103280,
    "text": "a server, uh a whole bunch of things. Uh"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 105560,
    "text": "never actually a farmer though."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 107520,
    "text": "Um and then I sort of found my way into"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 109240,
    "text": "engineering, uh software development,"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 111240,
    "text": "etc. I actually don't really like taking"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 113320,
    "text": "the title of software engineer. Um I'm"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 115920,
    "text": "pretty averse to that. Feels like stolen"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 117600,
    "text": "valor because I am the vibe coder most"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 119760,
    "text": "of you all are scared of."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 121720,
    "text": "I use AI agents all day long. I don't"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 124120,
    "text": "have any syntax memorized. I am not"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 126160,
    "text": "proficient in any particular coding"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 127880,
    "text": "language, but I will crank out some"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 129880,
    "text": "stuff on a weekend."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 131520,
    "text": "But today I actually work at Firecrawl"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 133240,
    "text": "where we're building context for AI"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 134920,
    "text": "agents. We have a series of"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 137400,
    "text": "web data APIs to give your agents access"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 139560,
    "text": "to the web. Again, I said I'm on the"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 141080,
    "text": "growth team, but today we're actually"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 143560,
    "text": "getting into some more farming stuff."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 145160,
    "text": "But first a bit of credential I do have"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 147920,
    "text": "is this is a real picture of me hauling"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 150160,
    "text": "turkeys on top of my Tesla and I do"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 152640,
    "text": "still have a crack in that glass ceiling"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 154880,
    "text": "because of it."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 156440,
    "text": "This was in Nashville where I live in"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 158360,
    "text": "the middle of a residential neighborhood"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 159880,
    "text": "where you are not allowed to raise"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 161200,
    "text": "turkeys,"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 162280,
    "text": "but I raised 10 turkeys in my backyard"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 164320,
    "text": "cuz I wanted to know what it was like to"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 165840,
    "text": "actually"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 166959,
    "text": "raise livestock myself that I would eat."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 169280,
    "text": "It's a very mentally"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 171720,
    "text": "difficult process to be mentally honest,"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 174680,
    "text": "but this was me loading them up onto the"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 176320,
    "text": "roof of my Tesla and then I drove for 3"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 178640,
    "text": "hours with them to the processor. Had to"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 181040,
    "text": "stop at a supercharger on the way"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 183560,
    "text": "and lots of people were taking pictures"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 185320,
    "text": "and what I can tell you is if your range"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 187680,
    "text": "is sufficiently decreased when you have"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 190040,
    "text": "a giant windbreak full of turkeys on top"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 192320,
    "text": "of the roof."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 193519,
    "text": "So that was"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 194920,
    "text": "quite the anxious drive I can tell you."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 197360,
    "text": "I also almost left engineering to be a"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 200880,
    "text": "farmer. I really wanted to raise"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 202200,
    "text": "chickens. This is a real product image"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 204920,
    "text": "that I came up with. I wanted to wrap"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 206519,
    "text": "turkeys in white wrapping and literally"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 208480,
    "text": "just slapped the word eat me on top of"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 210080,
    "text": "it. I thought it was provocative. I"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 211680,
    "text": "thought it would get you to buy"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 212480,
    "text": "chickens,"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 213720,
    "text": "but I realized it's actually really hard"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 215920,
    "text": "to make any money farming."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 217959,
    "text": "Surprise, surprise."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 219880,
    "text": "And I have a wife. I have two kids. It"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 222360,
    "text": "didn't feel"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 224720,
    "text": "right to ask them to give up the lives"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 227200,
    "text": "they had so that I could go cosplay as a"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 229160,
    "text": "farmer and raise chickens. So"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 231320,
    "text": "I decided to pivot and see if there were"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 233320,
    "text": "ways that we could scale farming itself"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 237160,
    "text": "and the the types of systems that I'm"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 238720,
    "text": "interested in when it comes to livestock"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 240200,
    "text": "agriculture. So, three things I want to"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 242440,
    "text": "get accomplished in this talk is one,"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 244320,
    "text": "convince you all to pursue bigger ideas."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 246720,
    "text": "Um I think a lot of these talks, a lot"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 248240,
    "text": "of these conferences, a lot of us"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 249560,
    "text": "individually"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 251000,
    "text": "uh spend a lot of time talking about"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 252600,
    "text": "building software for people who build"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 254480,
    "text": "software for people who build software,"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 256720,
    "text": "so on and so forth. And I really am just"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 258480,
    "text": "here to challenge you that there are"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 259480,
    "text": "other problems to solve than just"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 260959,
    "text": "another MCP for another SaaS solution at"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 263840,
    "text": "another company. Um but also, I'm just"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 266480,
    "text": "really trying to take advantage of a"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 267560,
    "text": "captive audience. Uh if you corner me"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 270120,
    "text": "anywhere at any time, there's a good"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 271680,
    "text": "chance I will talk to you about farming."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 273680,
    "text": "Um so, here I am. Uh and hopefully, I"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 276800,
    "text": "can convince you to come work at Fire"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 278000,
    "text": "Crull."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 279280,
    "text": "So, uh first things first, I believe"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 281760,
    "text": "livestock belongs on pasture. I think"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 283520,
    "text": "animals should live on grass. Um I think"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 285360,
    "text": "it's better for the animal, the"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 286400,
    "text": "consumer, the farmer, the ecosystem. I"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 288240,
    "text": "can give you a whole TED Talk on each of"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 289680,
    "text": "those if I need to. You can find me"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 291680,
    "text": "later if you need me to tell you why"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 293720,
    "text": "it's better for animals to be on the"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 294840,
    "text": "grass, but I don't have enough time to"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 296280,
    "text": "get into all of that. Take my word for"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 297840,
    "text": "it. Let's start there. The assumption is"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 299840,
    "text": "animals should be on grass."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 302080,
    "text": "Um this is the goal I want to hit. I am"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 305760,
    "text": "not actually anti-containment farming. I"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 307919,
    "text": "think there's a reason we needed to do"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 309200,
    "text": "that, but 97% of cows are still"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 312000,
    "text": "currently uh finished on feedlots. 3%"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 315240,
    "text": "are raised on pasture. My opinion here,"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 317000,
    "text": "more animals could be on grass. I want"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 318720,
    "text": "to try to figure out how we get more"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 319800,
    "text": "animals on grass. The question is, why"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 321680,
    "text": "aren't they on grass? And that is labor"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 324200,
    "text": "is the bottleneck. It is a pain in the"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 325919,
    "text": "ass to actually raise animals on grass."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 328240,
    "text": "Uh pasture done right actually means"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 330240,
    "text": "moving animals constantly. And that"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 332680,
    "text": "takes a lot of work. Um if you think"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 335280,
    "text": "about grass-fed uh beef, you might think"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 337480,
    "text": "of I have 100 cows, 100 acres. I put 100"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 339720,
    "text": "cows on 100 acres. They eat grass. I got"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 341840,
    "text": "beef at the end of the year. That's not"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 343400,
    "text": "quite how it works. Um Um, will"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 346640,
    "text": "uh very rapidly decrease the quality of"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 348880,
    "text": "your pasture if you just let cows graze"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 350600,
    "text": "where they want cuz they'll graze their"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 351720,
    "text": "favorite things, ignore things that they"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 353560,
    "text": "shouldn't, trample areas consistently,"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 355880,
    "text": "so on and so forth. So, the solution to"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 357760,
    "text": "that is rotational grazing. What this"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 360560,
    "text": "means is you break up your pasture into"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 362760,
    "text": "individual paddocks where the animals"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 364280,
    "text": "have enough uh food for one one day and"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 366920,
    "text": "then you move them every single day. Um,"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 368880,
    "text": "this allows certain areas to rest and"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 371200,
    "text": "other areas to be grazed and over time"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 373920,
    "text": "will increase the efficacy of your"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 375440,
    "text": "pasture. But,"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 377440,
    "text": "this takes a whole whole whole lot of"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 380040,
    "text": "work. Um, this means you have to move"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 382080,
    "text": "fences, animals, water, and keep track"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 385120,
    "text": "of it every single day in order to"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 388320,
    "text": "uh appropriately move the animals as"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 390160,
    "text": "often as they need to."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 392400,
    "text": "There are some solutions actually trying"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 394520,
    "text": "to work on this problem. Uh, you may"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 396400,
    "text": "have seen a company called Halter uh in"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 398560,
    "text": "the news recently. Peter Thiel invested"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 400960,
    "text": "at a $2 billion valuation."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 403240,
    "text": "Uh, No Fence is another company. What"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 404800,
    "text": "these companies do is provide collars"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 407120,
    "text": "for the animals connected to the GPS"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 408760,
    "text": "satellites that allow you to draw"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 410080,
    "text": "virtual boundaries where you can move"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 411760,
    "text": "the animals uh remotely. Um, I think"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 415400,
    "text": "this is a great step in the direction of"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 417360,
    "text": "trying to"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 418840,
    "text": "uh expand labor. Um, but this has a"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 422440,
    "text": "problem which is you have to know where"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 424800,
    "text": "to move the animals. This is not a"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 426560,
    "text": "science to actually be honest with you."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 428360,
    "text": "You can't just move them in a straight"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 430320,
    "text": "line across the pasture routinely every"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 432840,
    "text": "single day to the same part of land. Um,"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 435120,
    "text": "the reason is is grass doesn't grow the"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 437600,
    "text": "same every single day. Uh, there are"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 439440,
    "text": "drought conditions, rainfall, uh how"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 441919,
    "text": "much impact a particular section of the"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 443480,
    "text": "paddock has had. And the way that this"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 445520,
    "text": "is solved today is actually farmers"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 447240,
    "text": "going out on pasture, putting eyeballs"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 449440,
    "text": "on the grass, and making intuitive"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 450919,
    "text": "decisions about where the next best move"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 453360,
    "text": "should be. So, the question is how do we"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 456800,
    "text": "replace the farmers' eyes on pasture so"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 459919,
    "text": "that they can remotely make educated"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 462360,
    "text": "decisions on where to move their virtual"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 464360,
    "text": "fences."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 466800,
    "text": "Uh there's a bit more that actually goes"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 468240,
    "text": "into this as well, and that is you can't"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 470200,
    "text": "just you have to also know how tall the"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 472120,
    "text": "grass is. Um grass has a growing cycle."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 474920,
    "text": "If you grow it way too short, it takes"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 476680,
    "text": "really long time to come back. If you"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 478240,
    "text": "let it go too long, it becomes old and"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 480840,
    "text": "bitter and the animals don't like it."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 482480,
    "text": "There's this juvenile sweet spot that"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 484440,
    "text": "you want to keep the grass in. You want"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 486240,
    "text": "to cut it before it gets too tall, but"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 488120,
    "text": "then you also don't want to cut it too"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 489320,
    "text": "short. So you need to keep the animals"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 490920,
    "text": "moving and then constantly coming back"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 492919,
    "text": "to the same pasture so that your grass"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 494880,
    "text": "stays at the most optimal growing age"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 497320,
    "text": "and constantly has uh the most"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 499480,
    "text": "productivity possible."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 501520,
    "text": "So, a couple of ways that we can do"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 503560,
    "text": "this. Um these are things These are my"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 505680,
    "text": "solutions. This is something I've"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 506760,
    "text": "actually been working on thinking about"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 508360,
    "text": "how we can do this. Um a couple of"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 510240,
    "text": "options that I have are drone"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 512240,
    "text": "orthomosaic maps. If we could find a way"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 514200,
    "text": "to automate drone flights, we could go"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 515800,
    "text": "flying around our pasture, take a whole"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 517479,
    "text": "bunch of pictures, get some very high"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 519320,
    "text": "fidelity high resolution images of the"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 521360,
    "text": "grass that farmers could analyze. The"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 523520,
    "text": "problem with this is uh there's a lot of"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 526320,
    "text": "uh skill upgrade you need to do with the"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 528280,
    "text": "farmers to teach them how to fly drones,"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 529920,
    "text": "a lot of regulatory issues with keeping"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 531720,
    "text": "the drones in sight, and ideally this"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 533480,
    "text": "would be autonomous and there currently"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 535080,
    "text": "isn't a jurisdiction in the world that"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 536520,
    "text": "has approved autonomous drones for these"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 538400,
    "text": "types of applications. So this is really"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 540240,
    "text": "big bottleneck. Um I think it has pretty"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 542680,
    "text": "high fidelity in the quality of imagery,"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 544520,
    "text": "but is going to be a hard problem to"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 545920,
    "text": "solve in terms of actually getting all"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 547400,
    "text": "those hurdles accomplished. Uh"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 549320,
    "text": "satellites is my most favorite option"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 551480,
    "text": "today. There's a really cool company"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 552800,
    "text": "called Planet out there taking pictures"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 554839,
    "text": "of the entire globe every single day"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 557720,
    "text": "um with a uh 1 by 1 m resolution. Um but"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 562360,
    "text": "they're still"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 563880,
    "text": "those satellites are really high up in"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 564920,
    "text": "the sky and uh it's hard to tell some of"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 566920,
    "text": "the things you need to tell uh to"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 568600,
    "text": "actually make those educated decisions."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 570920,
    "text": "Uh the middle photo here is actually"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 572760,
    "text": "from a friend of mine out in Missouri"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 574600,
    "text": "working as a research grad assistant at"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 576720,
    "text": "the Missouri Lincoln University. And"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 578720,
    "text": "this idea is just putting a trail cam"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 581040,
    "text": "next to a tree and some measuring"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 584200,
    "text": "apparatus that camera can look at and"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 586040,
    "text": "just figuring out how tall is the grass"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 588360,
    "text": "in relation to that particular object."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 590920,
    "text": "Just so that we have some sort of"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 592280,
    "text": "reference point that we can use to see"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 594480,
    "text": "how well the grass is growing back."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 596720,
    "text": "If we can solve this problem along with"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 598920,
    "text": "the"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 600240,
    "text": "the the collar situation, I think"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 603760,
    "text": "there's a world here where we can drop"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 605120,
    "text": "an LLM in the middle of this loop and"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 607320,
    "text": "start to work on autonomous grazing"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 610120,
    "text": "operations. And so what this would mean"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 611840,
    "text": "is an LLM essentially making the next"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 615320,
    "text": "best decision on where the animal should"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 617200,
    "text": "be any given day. But this isn't"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 619200,
    "text": "multivariate analysis. This requires the"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 620960,
    "text": "LLM to have several data inputs"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 622800,
    "text": "including where the animals are in GPS"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 625400,
    "text": "location, where they were yesterday,"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 627840,
    "text": "where they might go tomorrow, what the"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 629240,
    "text": "drought condition is in the area, how"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 630960,
    "text": "tall the grass is across the entire"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 632760,
    "text": "farm. And actually it has to make this"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 635520,
    "text": "decision not just on day-to-day basis,"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 637640,
    "text": "but in varying"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 639720,
    "text": "degrees of relation. So where's the best"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 642960,
    "text": "next place for a particular cow to be,"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 645400,
    "text": "but where's the best next place for the"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 646760,
    "text": "herd to be in relationship to the"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 648440,
    "text": "pasture itself, in relationship to the"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 650400,
    "text": "farm as a whole, and then more broadly"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 652440,
    "text": "the ecosystem at large. There's"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 655120,
    "text": "all of these components feed back into"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 657120,
    "text": "each other and if you can optimize this"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 659040,
    "text": "entire picture, you have a more"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 660520,
    "text": "productive farm where you can actually"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 662360,
    "text": "have more animals on fewer acres, which"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 665280,
    "text": "is how we end up actually scaling to"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 666760,
    "text": "compete with the feedlot style where you"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 668839,
    "text": "can actually have more cows on fewer"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 670280,
    "text": "grass."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 672760,
    "text": "How do we solve this problem? There's a"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 674640,
    "text": "couple of components. There's three main"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 676280,
    "text": "blockers that I think need to exist in"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 678200,
    "text": "order for us to actually create this"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 679720,
    "text": "system. The first one is building a"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 681280,
    "text": "knowledge base and this is primarily"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 682920,
    "text": "what I'm working on at Fire Corral and"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 684560,
    "text": "then an open source project I have"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 686120,
    "text": "called Open Pasture. The idea here is a"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 688560,
    "text": "lot of the knowledge on when to move,"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 690360,
    "text": "why where how to move,"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 692760,
    "text": "the benefits of moving, etc. is all"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 694720,
    "text": "locked up in primarily YouTube videos."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 697920,
    "text": "There's a bunch of really cool farmers"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 699480,
    "text": "out there. I can give you a whole bunch"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 700840,
    "text": "of channels you can go down rabbit holes"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 702400,
    "text": "on of just good old guys out in"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 704720,
    "text": "Missouri, Tennessee, Kentucky trying to"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 707400,
    "text": "move their animals every single day"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 708960,
    "text": "telling you what they're learning,"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 710120,
    "text": "telling you what species are best for"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 711680,
    "text": "this,"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 712760,
    "text": "what lagoons are you want to aim for in"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 715480,
    "text": "the biodiversity in your pasture."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 717000,
    "text": "There's a whole bunch of things that go"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 718280,
    "text": "into this and we need to build that"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 720080,
    "text": "knowledge base."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 721480,
    "text": "Fire fall is a toolkit that I used"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 723040,
    "text": "actually collect this data going out"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 725800,
    "text": "scraping those YouTube videos, scraping"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 727680,
    "text": "research papers out to archive building"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 729720,
    "text": "this knowledge base up and open pasture"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 731880,
    "text": "is the actual repository I put this"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 733440,
    "text": "information in to make it available to"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 735840,
    "text": "any farmer I think that might be able to"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 737440,
    "text": "use it."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 738920,
    "text": "The next thing to solve is the actual"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 741120,
    "text": "visualization layer. There's a lot of"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 743360,
    "text": "components we need to know about the"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 745000,
    "text": "grass that the farmers primarily getting"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 746840,
    "text": "out of the intuition from looking at the"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 748760,
    "text": "pasture. The two main things worth"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 751320,
    "text": "figuring out about the pasture both"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 753320,
    "text": "where the animals are, where they should"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 754800,
    "text": "go and where you want them to be is what"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 756800,
    "text": "is the biomass, how much foliage"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 759320,
    "text": "actually is available for them to"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 760760,
    "text": "consume and then long-term what is the"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 763040,
    "text": "biodiversity of that particular pasture."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 766000,
    "text": "If they overgraze sections too heavily"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 767800,
    "text": "they'll start to over index on different"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 770760,
    "text": "types of cool season, warm season"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 772360,
    "text": "grasses, lagoons, etc. and ideally you"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 774839,
    "text": "want a really rounded, really diverse"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 776720,
    "text": "pasture over time to make sure that the"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 779200,
    "text": "cattle are getting the nutrients they"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 780720,
    "text": "need so you don't have to supplement"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 782120,
    "text": "with things like hay, copper, aluminum,"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 784120,
    "text": "etc."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 785320,
    "text": "Ideally they get all of the"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 787600,
    "text": "macronutrients and micronutrients from"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 789440,
    "text": "the grass itself which becomes an"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 791000,
    "text": "entirely ideally hands-off system."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 794720,
    "text": "And then the third one is"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 796600,
    "text": "those geofence companies. So no fence,"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 799920,
    "text": "Halter. While I appreciate the"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 801520,
    "text": "technology they're trying to push"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 802800,
    "text": "forward I have a pretty strong"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 804280,
    "text": "disagreement with them which is in order"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 806080,
    "text": "to use their software they require you"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 807840,
    "text": "buy their collars, and you can't plug"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 809840,
    "text": "your own software into their collars."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 811640,
    "text": "From a business standpoint, I get why"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 813080,
    "text": "this is. From an industry standpoint, I"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 815120,
    "text": "think it's really a pain in the ass. Um"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 817200,
    "text": "I would like to innovate on the software"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 819520,
    "text": "layer. I would like to push GPS"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 821720,
    "text": "locations to these collars that my LLM"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 824040,
    "text": "can predict. I don't want to have to"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 825680,
    "text": "rely on their software to do this"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 827040,
    "text": "because I don't think it's as good, or I"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 828800,
    "text": "think I can make it better, if I'm being"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 830160,
    "text": "totally honest with you. Um so, a bit of"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 833040,
    "text": "the purpose of this talk is actually a"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 835000,
    "text": "call to action for you all in the"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 836600,
    "text": "audience. I need someone to make me a"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 838400,
    "text": "collar."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 839920,
    "text": "Um I need it to be open the APIs need to"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 842920,
    "text": "be open. Ideally, it's an off-the-shelf"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 844960,
    "text": "solution. Uh some of the component parts"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 847160,
    "text": "that we can slap together. Uh farmers"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 849120,
    "text": "are pretty scrappy and like to heal"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 850720,
    "text": "their own things. There's a lot of uh"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 852680,
    "text": "animosity towards John Deere in this"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 854640,
    "text": "sort of like right to repair. Um so, my"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 857080,
    "text": "ask to anyone maybe looking at this"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 858840,
    "text": "problem is design me a collar where the"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 860840,
    "text": "patent can be open and the APIs are open"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 863000,
    "text": "so that we can compete on software"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 864800,
    "text": ">> and optimize this solution."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 867360,
    "text": ">> Uh the next thing I'd like to maybe"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 868920,
    "text": "tease you about is this actually goes"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 871240,
    "text": "beyond just ruminants. Uh so, ruminant"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 873480,
    "text": "is a type of animal, cows, sheep, goats."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 876120,
    "text": "Uh those are all ruminant animals. They"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 877520,
    "text": "chew grass. They uh digest it in the"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 879960,
    "text": "rumen in uh which is an organ that's"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 881760,
    "text": "what they're called ruminants. Um but"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 883200,
    "text": "there's actually an additional benefit"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 884760,
    "text": "we get where we can stack species on"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 886920,
    "text": "these pasture rotations. This is a"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 888839,
    "text": "company called Pasture Bird. Uh they"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 890839,
    "text": "were a big catalyst for me to really get"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 893240,
    "text": "in obsessed with this idea. What they"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 895080,
    "text": "did is took their normal chicken house,"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 897040,
    "text": "put it up on big wheels, and automated"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 899400,
    "text": "the movement so it creeps its width"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 901680,
    "text": "every 24 hours across pasture. The"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 904120,
    "text": "reason you can do it this scientifically"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 906000,
    "text": "with chickens is cuz they don't actually"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 907360,
    "text": "get most of their nutrients from the"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 908800,
    "text": "grass. You have to supplement them with"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 910440,
    "text": "grain feed uh because chickens are"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 912560,
    "text": "omnivores, not quite just herbivores. Um"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 914960,
    "text": "so, you can just inch this coop across"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 917360,
    "text": "the grass uh giving them a uh uh uh land"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 921280,
    "text": "to grow on. Uh the nitrogen from their"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 923200,
    "text": "droppings actually help uh"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 925680,
    "text": "as a manure or as a as a fertilizer for"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 928760,
    "text": "for the the grass itself. And there's an"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 930800,
    "text": "added benefit here. When you stack the"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 932280,
    "text": "ruminants with the chickens, if you run"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 934280,
    "text": "your ruminants first, they sort of cut"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 935840,
    "text": "off the top of the grass, and then"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 937640,
    "text": "chickens come behind them and peck out"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 939640,
    "text": "the parasites from their droppings, and"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 941240,
    "text": "it reduces the parasite load overall"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 943240,
    "text": "across your farm, which reduces the"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 945520,
    "text": "medication expense you have to actually"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 947280,
    "text": "pay to keep your animals healthy. And"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 948960,
    "text": "over time you have a more robust uh"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 951720,
    "text": "uh seed stock or uh breeding stock so"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 953960,
    "text": "that you can have stronger animals over"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 955400,
    "text": "time that require fewer interventions"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 957120,
    "text": "and can be left alone to just eat grass"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 958960,
    "text": "and uh turn into meat eventually."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 962760,
    "text": "Um so, the three things I really hope"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 965040,
    "text": "you all take away from this talk is one,"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 966960,
    "text": "I think we need to find big, real-world"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 969440,
    "text": "physical problems that we can solve um"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 972080,
    "text": "that require multivariate analysis and"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 974560,
    "text": "not quite uh yes or no decisions. Um"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 977640,
    "text": "there are lots of problems out there"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 979600,
    "text": "that don't actually have deterministic"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 981360,
    "text": "solutions. I hear a lot of engineers"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 982880,
    "text": "talk about how we turn LLMs into"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 984800,
    "text": "deterministic processes, and my"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 987000,
    "text": "contention is actually there's a lot of"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 988560,
    "text": "problems that you can't solve with"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 990120,
    "text": "deterministic uh algorithms. Um this is"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 993480,
    "text": "one of them. It's a multivariate"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 994800,
    "text": "analysis. There isn't a next best"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 996839,
    "text": "paddock to move to. There's just your"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 998440,
    "text": "best guess on where you think they"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 1000200,
    "text": "should go. Um and I think if we can take"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 1002520,
    "text": "systems like that, these uh multi-data"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 1004839,
    "text": "input systems, and drop an LLM in the"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 1006800,
    "text": "center to actually reason over the data"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 1009200,
    "text": "and at least make a suggestion that the"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 1011240,
    "text": "human can confirm or deny, uh we can"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 1013640,
    "text": "really start to scale systems like this"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 1015680,
    "text": "that are very much uh restricted by the"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 1018280,
    "text": "farmer's ability to scale their own"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 1020000,
    "text": "labor, their own decision-making power,"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 1022160,
    "text": "um and really give them the tools that"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 1023920,
    "text": "they need to grow their operations to"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 1025880,
    "text": "hopefully, I think uh all animals could"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 1028319,
    "text": "be raised on grass if we uh solve these"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 1030520,
    "text": "problems. And then the last one is is"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 1032360,
    "text": "maybe you can come help me solve some of"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 1033959,
    "text": "these problems. Um the number one"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 1035880,
    "text": "problem is actually just giving the"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 1037520,
    "text": "agents the context they need, gathering"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 1039800,
    "text": "the data, packaging that data, and then"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 1042079,
    "text": "presenting it in a way that the LLM can"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 1044000,
    "text": "reason over. And that's what we do over"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 1046560,
    "text": "at Firecrawl. Uh, so you're not thinking"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 1048760,
    "text": "big enough. Firecrawl is where we're"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 1050080,
    "text": "building the context layer for AI, and I"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 1051880,
    "text": "hope you can come build it with us. Uh,"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 1053760,
    "text": "we're hiring. Uh, so here's all the job"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 1056240,
    "text": "postings we currently have. Go to our"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 1057920,
    "text": "website and maybe find one that works"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 1059320,
    "text": "out for you. Uh, reach out to me. We'd"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 1061480,
    "text": "love to have more people trying to"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 1062720,
    "text": "figure out how we get data off the web"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 1064360,
    "text": "to solve some of these complex problems"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 1066240,
    "text": "and present that that data as context"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 1068840,
    "text": "uh, to these AI agents, and perhaps"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 1071680,
    "text": "we can make the world a better place."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 1075160,
    "text": "My name's Cody. Uh, Open Pastures is my"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 1077120,
    "text": "open source project. Firecrawl is where"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 1078760,
    "text": "I do my day-to-day life, and uh, these"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 1080960,
    "text": "are my socials. I'll hang around for a"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 1082640,
    "text": "little bit. I love to chat more about"
  },
  {
    "startMs": 1084200,
    "text": "animals, cows, birds, uh, all the alike."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 1087200,
    "text": "Uh, thank you very much for coming."
  },
  {
    "startMs": 1103687,
    "text": ">> [music]"
  }
]